NDB(2) NDB(2)
NAME
ndbopen, ndbcat, ndbchanged, ndbclose, ndbreopen, ndbsearch,
ndbsnext, ndbgetvalue, ndbfree, ipattr, ndbgetipaddr,
ndbipinfo, csipinfo, ndbhash, ndbparse, csgetvalue,
ndbfindattr, dnsquery, ndbdiscard, ndbconcatenate,
ndbreorder, ndbsubstitute, ndbdedup - network database
SYNOPSIS
#include <u.h>
#include <libc.h>
#include <bio.h>
#include <ndb.h>
Ndb* ndbopen(char *file)
Ndb* ndbcat(Ndb *db1, Ndb *db2)
int ndbchanged(Ndb *db)
int ndbreopen(Ndb *db)
void ndbclose(Ndb *db)
Ndbtuple* ndbsearch(Ndb *db, Ndbs *s, char *attr, char
*val)
Ndbtuple* ndbsnext(Ndbs *s, char *attr, char *val)
char* ndbgetvalue(Ndb *db, Ndbs *s, char *attr, char
*val,
char *rattr, Ndbtuple **tp)
char* csgetvalue(char *netroot, char *attr, char *val,
char *rattr, Ndbtuple **tp)
char* ipattr(char *name)
Ndbtuple* ndbgetipaddr(Ndb *db, char *sys);
Ndbtuple* ndbipinfo(Ndb *db, char *attr, char *val, char
**attrs,
int nattr)
Ndbtuple* csipinfo(char *netroot, char *attr, char *val,
char **attrs, int nattr)
ulong ndbhash(char *val, int hlen)
Ndbtuple* ndbparse(Ndb *db)
Page 1 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)
NDB(2) NDB(2)
Ndbtuple* dnsquery(char *netroot, char *domainname, char
*type)
Ndbtuple* ndbfindattr(Ndbtuple *entry, Ndbtuple *line, char
*attr)
void ndbfree(Ndbtuple *db)
Ndbtuple* ndbdiscard(Ndbtuple *t, Ndbtuple *a)
Ndbtuple* ndbconcatenate(Ndbtuple *a, Ndbtuple *b)
Ndbtuple* ndbreorder(Ndbtuple *t, Ndbtuple *a)
Ndbtuple* ndbsubstitute(Ndbtuple *t, Ndbtuple *from, Ndbtu-
ple *to)
Ndbtuple* ndbdedup(Ndbtuple *t)
void ndbsetmalloctag(Ndbtuple *t, uintptr tag)
DESCRIPTION
These routines are used by network administrative programs
to search the network database. They operate on the data-
base files described in ndb(6).
Ndbopen opens the database file and calls malloc(2) to allo-
cate a buffer for it. If file is zero, all network database
files are opened.
Ndbcat concatenates two open databases. Either argument may
be nil.
Ndbreopen throws out any cached information for the database
files associated with db and reopens the files.
Ndbclose closes any database files associated with db and
frees all storage associated with them.
Ndbsearch and ndbsnext search a database for an entry con-
taining the attribute/value pair, attr=val. Ndbsearch is
used to find the first match and ndbsnext is used to find
each successive match. On a successful search both return a
linked list of Ndbtuple structures acquired by malloc(2)
that represent the attribute/value pairs in the entry. On
failure they return zero.
typedef struct Ndbtuple Ndbtuple;
struct Ndbtuple {
char attr[Ndbalen];
char *val;
Ndbtuple *entry;
Page 2 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)
NDB(2) NDB(2)
Ndbtuple *line;
ulong ptr; /* for the application; starts 0 */
char valbuf[Ndbvlen]; /* initial allocation for val */
};
The entry pointers chain together all pairs in the entry in
a null-terminated list. The line pointers chain together
all pairs on the same line in a circular list. Thus, a pro-
gram can implement 2 levels of binding for pairs in an
entry. In general, pairs on the same line are bound tighter
than pairs on different lines.
The argument s of ndbsearch has type Ndbs and should be
pointed to valid storage before calling ndbsearch, which
will fill it with information used by ndbsnext to link suc-
cessive searches. The structure Ndbs looks like:
typedef struct Ndbs Ndbs;
struct Ndbs {
Ndb *db; /* data base file being searched */
...
Ndbtuple *t; /* last attribute value pair found */
};
The t field points to the pair within the entry matched by
the ndbsearch or ndbsnext.
Ndbgetvalue searches the database for an entry containing
not only an attribute/value pair, attr=val, but also a pair
with the attribute rattr. If successful, it returns a mal-
loced copy of the NUL-terminated value associated with
rattr. If tp is non nil, *tp will point to the entry. Oth-
erwise the entry will be freed.
Csgetvalue is like ndbgetvalue but queries the connection
server instead of looking directly at the database. Its
first argument specifies the network root to use. If the
argument is 0, it defaults to "/net".
Ndbfree frees a list of tuples returned by one of the other
routines.
Ipattr takes the name of an IP system and returns the
attribute it corresponds to:
dom domain name
ip Internet number
sys system name
Ndbgetipaddr looks in db for entries matching sys as the
Page 3 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)
NDB(2) NDB(2)
value of a sys= or dom= attribute/value pair and returns all
IP addresses. If sys is already an IP address, a tuple con-
taining just that address is returned.
Ndbipinfo looks up Internet protocol information about a
system. This is an IP aware search. It looks first for
information in the system's database entry and then in the
database entries for any IP subnets or networks containing
the system. The system is identified by the attribute/value
pair, attr=val. Ndbipinfo returns a list of tuples whose
attributes match the attributes in the n element array
attrs. If any attrs begin with `@', the `@' is excluded from
the attribute name, but causes any corresponding value
returned to be a resolved IP address(es), not a name. For
example, consider the following database entries describing
a network, a subnetwork, and a system.
ipnet=big ip=10.0.0.0
dns=dns.big.com
smtp=smtp.big.com
ipnet=dept ip=10.1.1.0 ipmask=255.255.255.0
smtp=smtp1.big.com
ip=10.1.1.4 dom=x.big.com
bootf=/386/9pc
Calling
ndbipinfo(db, "dom", "x.big.com", ["bootf" "smtp" "dns"], 3)
will return the tuples bootf=/386/9pc, smtp=smtp1.big.com,
and dns=dns.big.com.
Csipinfo is to ndbipinfo as csgetvalue is to ndbgetvalue.
The next three routines are used by programs that create the
hash tables and database files. Ndbhash computes a hash
offset into a table of length hlen for the string val.
Ndbparse reads and parses the next entry from the database
file. Multiple calls to ndbparse parse sequential entries
in the database file. A zero is returned at end of file.
Dnsquery submits a query about domainname to the ndb/dns
mounted at netroot/dns. It returns a linked list of
Ndbtuple's representing a single database entry. The tuples
are logically arranged into lines using the line field in
the structure. The possible type's of query are and the
attributes on each returned tuple line is:
ip find the IP addresses. Returns domain name (dom) and
ip address (ip).
ipv6 find the IPv6 addresses. Returns domain name (dom) and
Page 4 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)
NDB(2) NDB(2)
ipv6 address (ip).
mx look up the mail exchangers. Returns preference (pref)
and exchanger (mx).
ptr do a reverse query. Here domainname must be an ASCII
IP address. Returns reverse name (ptr) and domain name
(dom).
cname
get the system that this name is a nickname for.
Returns the nickname (dom) and the real name (cname).
soa return the start of area record for this field.
Returns area name (dom), primary name server (ns),
serial number (serial), refresh time in seconds
(refresh), retry time in seconds (retry), expiration
time in seconds (expire), and minimum time to lie
(ttl).
srv get the service records. Returns the priority of tar-
get host (pri), relative weight (weight) for entries
with the same priority, port on this target host of
this service (port), and the domain name of the target
host (target).
txt get the descriptive text. The semantics of the text
depends on the domain.
ns name servers. Returns domain name (dom) and name
server (ns).
Ndbfindattr searches entry for the tuple with attribute attr
and returns a pointer to the tuple. If line points to a
particular line in the entry, the search starts there and
then wraps around to the beginning of the entry.
All of the routines provided to search the database provide
an always consistent view of the relevant files. However,
it may be advantageous for an application to read in the
whole database using ndbopen and ndbparse and provide its
own search routines. The ndbchanged routine can be used by
the application to periodically check for changes. It
returns zero if none of the files comprising the database
have changes and non-zero if they have.
Finally, a number of routines are provided for manipulating
tuples.
Ndbdiscard removes attr/val pair a from tuple t and frees
it. If a isn't in t it is just freed.
Page 5 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)
NDB(2) NDB(2)
Ndbconcatenate concatenates two tuples and returns the
result. Either or both tuples may be nil.
Ndbreorder reorders a tuple t to make the line containing
attr/val pair a first in the entry and making a first in its
line.
Ndbsubstitute replaces a single attr/val pair from in t with
the tuple to. All attr/val pairs in to end up on the same
line. from is freed.
Ndbdedup removes duplicate attr/val pairs from tuple list t.
Ndbsetmalloctag sets the malloc tag (see setmalloctag in
malloc(2)) of each tuple in the list t to tag.
FILES
/lib/ndb directory of network database files
SOURCE
/sys/src/libndb
SEE ALSO
ndb(6), ndb(8)
Page 6 Plan 9 (printed 11/23/24)